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Based on these findings the time
2023-01-28
Based on these findings, the time point for manipulating autophagy may also determine its role, whereby autophagy induction performed before ischemia could play a protective role but have an opposite effect once ischemia/reperfusion has occurred. This hypothesis is further supported by the protectiv
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The GRAVY value for a protein is calculated as the
2023-01-28
The GRAVY value for a protein is calculated as the sum of hydropathy values of all the amino acids, divided by the number of residues in the sequence (Kyte and Doolittle, 1982). According to Kyte and Doolittle (1982) integral membrane proteins typically have higher GRAVY scores than do globular prot
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Therefore the rational design of target
2023-01-28
Therefore, the rational design of target compounds is based on the hybrid of attractive phenotypic bis-indole (5, Fig. 1) and sulfonamide moieties, in which the indole core might anticipate in hydrophobic interaction, and the functionality of sulfonamide group may involve in H-bonding with the site
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At the top of the S subsite cylinder
2023-01-28
At the top of the S1 subsite cylinder are two “cap” residues: E572 and M1034 [13]. Atomic structures of PfA-M1 have revealed important clues into potential roles for the cap residues in substrate selection. In the PfA-M1:bestatin co-crystal structure ([13]; Fig. 1), the P1 phenyl ring occupies the S
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A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine
2023-01-27
A more versatile cellular delivery system for adenosine was generated by engineering mouse embryonic stem cells to lack both flavin adenine dinucleotide of Adk (Fedele et al., 2004). Using a step-wise differentiation protocol (Okabe et al., 1996) Adk−/− ES cells were differentiated into transplanta
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LJH685 br Introduction ACK or Activated Cdc Associated Kinas
2023-01-26
Introduction ACK1, or Activated Cdc42-Associated Kinase, located on chromosome 3q, is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase cloned from a human LJH685 cDNA library (Manser et al., 1993). It was first identified to bind to activated Cdc42, a small Ras GTPase via its CRIB domain (M
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The overall mechanism of the Cdc
2023-01-26
The overall mechanism of the Cdc48 complex resembles that of the 19S regulatory subunit of the proteasome, which also uses receptor proteins to bind polyubiquitin chains attached to a substrate and employs a translocation mechanism (for review, see Kish-Trier and Hill, 2013). As with Cdc48, full sub
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br Author contributions br Acknowledgments TJC KW
2023-01-26
Author contributions Acknowledgments TJC, KW, and VG are supported by awards made to MJN: a Consolidator Grant from the European Research Council under Grant no. 311336; a University Research Fellowship from the Royal Society, and a Career Development Award from the Human Frontiers Science Pro
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In this study we showed that TRIM promotes
2023-01-26
In this study, we showed that TRIM48 promotes ASK1 activation through ubiquitination-dependent degradation of a negative regulator of ASK1 activation, protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1). Knocking down TRIM48 suppressed oxidative-stress-induced cell death mediated by ASK1, and the additiona
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An in vitro assay in which endothelial cells form
2023-01-24
An in vitro assay in which endothelial cells form 3D tube-like structures was used to investigate effects of dNK on vessel stability. The results indicate that dNK cells from women with high spiral artery resistance index had reduced ability to activate endothelial cells, since endothelial cells pre
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br STAR Methods br AMPK
2023-01-24
STAR★Methods AMPK: A Therapeutic Target in the β Cell? Loss of pancreatic β cell function is a hallmark of the transition to a diagnosis of T2DM (see Glossary) 1, 2, 3, 4. AMPK activation has gained attention for the treatment of hyperglycemia in prediabetes as an insulin-sensitizing agent bec
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Introduction Increasing environmental pollution caused by he
2023-01-24
Introduction Increasing environmental pollution caused by heavy metals, originating mainly from industrial processes and urban activities, as well as the widespread application of pesticides, fertilizers, manure and sewage sludge, has posed a serious problem for safe food production and become a po
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At the last follow up nine patients had
2023-01-24
At the last follow-up, nine patients had discontinued pyridostigmine within the first year postoperatively. Only one patient required pyridostigmine at a higher dose, but this was accompanied by successful weaning of prednisolone. None of the 5 patients who were on pyridostigmine treatment alone pri
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Along with the improvement of the cadmium transport from
2023-01-24
Along with the improvement of the cadmium transport from roots to aerial tissues, as is required for phytoremediation, over-expression of PtoHMA5 also led to the excessive accumulation of cadmium in leaves that was harmful to plant growth and physiological performance. Thus, detoxification of the he
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Human hepatocyte transplantation resulted in some animals wi
2023-01-24
Human hepatocyte transplantation resulted in some animals with relatively sparse repopulation while others had >90% of their liver containing human hepatocytes. The presence of circulating human albumin varied based on the amount of repopulation as the degree of humanization is reported to correlate
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