• The identification of CCR B cells within the LZ

  2020-09-07

  

  The identification of CCR6+ N6022 within the LZ as direct progenitors of MBCs provides a new window into the evolution of immune responses. In practical terms, flow-cytometric detection of CCR6+ GC B cells could provide a means of rapidly assessing vaccine efficacy when applied to fine needle aspir

• The enzyme cyclooxygenase COX or prostaglandin

  2020-09-05

  

  The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) is the key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic dl 473 receptor (AA) into prostaglandins (PGs) [1]. In 1991, researchers found that there were two isoforms of this enzyme called COX-1 and COX-2 with independent genes

• The Rev protein is a

  2020-09-05

  

  The Rev1 protein is a crucial regulator of TLS activity because of its structural function [10]; therefore, we focused on Rev1 to investigate how Dot1/Rad53 function impinges on TLS-dependent mutagenic bypass of MMS-induced lesions. In particular, we examined Rev1 localization to chromatin by immuno

• In laboratory strains of Escherichia coli

  2020-09-05

  

  In laboratory strains of Escherichia coli, three mechanisms of repair for alkylated bases are known. The first involves constitutively expressed Ogt and inducible Ada methyltransferases, directly removing methyl groups from O6-methylguanine (O6meG) and O4-methylthymine (O4meT) [1], [2], [3], [4]. In

• To compare glucose metabolism via

  2020-09-05

  

  To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxidat

• We showed for the first

  2020-09-04

  

  We showed for the first time that ivermectin significantly reduced the pH-induced response of the pHCl-A variant at 300nM, whereas fipronil and γ-BHC had no significant effects on the channel unlike in RDL and GluCl (Fig. 4). Such a concentration is similar to the threshold at which ivermectin activ

• Importantly a crucial role of transcription factor SP

  2020-09-04

  

  Importantly, a crucial role of transcription factor SP1 in mediating the anti-lung cancer effect of XJD was found in this study. Our results suggested that the inhibition of SP1 was required to mediate the inhibitory effect of XJD on the growth of NSCLC cells. Nuclear transcription factors SP1 is as

• This pre GC B cell differentiation

  2020-09-04

  

  This pre-GC B cell differentiation deficiency caused by RD2 loss of function was explained at least in part by the finding that the BCL6 RD2 domain is required to repress expression of the key migration factors GRP183 and S1PR1. Downregulation of GRP183 is critically important for B cell migration i

• Elevation of plasma glucocorticoids as well as a

  2020-09-04

  

  Elevation of plasma glucocorticoids as well as a sympathetic activation are highly adaptive mechanisms allowing the individual to cope in various situations [39]. Novelty-induced increase in locomotor activity, characterizing the bold fish herein, accompanied by elevated glucocorticoids is a well-es

• During germ cell development in

  2020-09-04

  

  During germ cell development in mouse, de novo Dnmts regulate the genomic imprinting and silence of repeat elements. Dnmt3A methylated H19, Dlk1/Gtl2, and Sine B1, whereas Dnmt3B methylated microsatellite repeat elements, the two Dnmts co-methylatedRasgrf1, IAP, and Line1 repeat elements (Lucifero e

• The Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus is an

  2020-09-04

  

  The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is an important farmed fish with an XX/XY sex-determining system. The availability of the whole genome sequence of tilapia and tissue transcriptomes (Brawand et al., 2014), together with its gonadal transcriptomes at different developmental stages (Tao et al.

• Electron transport via DHODH activity will allow the

  2020-09-04

  

  Electron transport via DHODH activity will allow the generation of mitochondrial ROS without the consumption of α-ketoglutarate or NADH. Glutamine-dependent flux through the TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation can also enable generation of mitochondrial ROS (Weinberg et al., 2010). The latter pr

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Understanding the charact

  2020-09-04

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Understanding the characteristics of the Amazonian Dark soils “Terras Pretas de Índio” (TPIs) is of ecological importance, because the TPI soils represent a residue-based model for tropical sustainable agriculture (Sombroek et al., 2003, Neves et al., 2003, Cohen-O

• br Results br Discussion This

  2020-09-04

  

  Results Discussion This study assesses impacts of HLA-DPB1 and CMV reactivation on GVHD, relapse, and OS after allo-HSCT. Here we demonstrate that HLA-DPB1 and CMV reactivation both increase aGVHD risk independently. Consistent with reported data, we show that HLA-DPB1 mismatching is associate

• Tropical theileriosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite

  2020-09-04

  

  Tropical theileriosis is caused by the apicomplexan parasite Theileria annulata which is transmitted by a tick vector from the genus Hyalomma in cattle (Echebli et al., 2014, Li et al., 2014). Theileria parasites invade the leukocytes by sporozoites secreted from the vector, schizonts mature into me

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